There is nothing birdkeepers despair of more than the bird that feather plucks. For years bird owners have
cringed in embarrassment whenever anyone saw they had a chronic feather plucking bird. Every remedy
was tried, very few were successful.
To help these birds we must be a little logical and a lot patient. The first step in helping the feather plucker
is to decide if it is a feather plucker. Not all birds with scraggy feathers are pluckers - many birds suffer
diseases which will cause their feathers to fall out or look ragged. Viral diseases, such as PBFD (Psittacine
Beak and Feather Disease) and Polyoma virus, bacterial skin diseases, chlamydiosis and a host of internal
diseases can cause feather problems. External factors such as mites and lice, cockroaches and cage design
also cause feathering disruptions.
When deciding if the bird is a true feather plucker look closely at the bird - ask yourself:
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What species is affected?
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What is the pattern of feather loss?
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Are there feather shafts still in the skin?
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How long are feathers that are damaged?
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Are other birds affected if so how?
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What is the diet of the bird, how long has it been on this diet?
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Is the bird well in other aspects - eating, activity, behaviour, droppings etc?
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Is the skin affected or just the feathers ?
Careful observation is necessary to be accurate - often a good close look will give you the answer.
Some bird species are much more prone to true feather plucking than others - the Gang Gang is an example.
These birds are notorious pluckers, careful examination will show they destroy feathers about 1 to 2 cm
from the skin. Their pattern of plucking is usually - flight - tail - chest, so they end up as a flightless, downy
bird with no resemblance to the most charming of the cockatoos.
Feather loss over the head indicates an outside factor, usually the mate, is involved. Young bird in the nest
with feathers missing from their backs and head are being plucked by their mother - generally she wants
them to leave the nest so she can lay again.
Careful examination of feathers and skin will show lice or mite if they are present. Holding a feather up to
the light will show feather lice very clearly - there can be massive numbers present in some birds. Budgies
can have large numbers at the base of the tail feathers, so many that they look like mud stuck to the
feathers. Treatment for all mite, lice and insects in the birds environment and on the bird is the new all
purpose insecticide from Vetafarm - Avian Insect Liquidator (A.I.L.).
A.I.L. contains a water based insecticide that is harmless to birds but deadly to insects. The long activity
time of A.I.L. means that adult insects, nymphs and eggs are all killed. The residual activity of this new
insecticide will leave your birds insect free for many weeks.
A.I.L.'s safety allows you to spray the birds themselves, cages, perches and anything else in their
environment in the one operation. Being water based, AIL will not sting the birds eyes allowing birds to be
sprayed all over whilst in their cage.
Once you are happy that the bird is insect free, the next step in sorting out a plucker is to look at the diet.
Lack of Vitamin A is a common cause of feather plucking, especially in Eclectus. These birds have a high
Vitamin A requirement which is often not met by birdkeepers. The use of regular injections of Vetafarm
ADEC (a safe injectable form of vitamins A, D, E and C) is the only way to control the problem. Other
species of bird may suffer the same problem, especially those that evolved in forest regions, so the use of
ADEC is recommended in most cases of feather plucking. One clue to the status of the birds Vitamin A
The Feather Plucking Bird
level is to look at the soles of the feet - birds with smooth, shiny, pink looking feet are often Vitamin
A deficient. Ensure that the diet being fed is adequate (most are not!). The addition to seed diets of
SOLUVET, a water soluble, high potency vitamin supplement and PLUME PLUS or
MOULTING AID used daily in the water when there is any feather loss will help balance the diet
against a lack of essential vitamins by providing the recommended daily dose. However some birds
will still require additional Vitamin A - this is when ADEC is invaluable.
The most difficult area to sort out are those birds who are Psychologic Feather Pickers. Once we are
happy that insects, diet, outside factors and disease are not involved we arrive at the diagnosis of a
wacky bird! The classic case here are the young galahs that have been hand reared. These birds miss
out on the normal socialisation that occurs in the creches (the groupings of young Galahs in trees
after they have left the nest). Some of these birds become disturbed at 9 - 12 months of age. They go
from loving docile pets to this feather plucking, screaming, neurologic mess. Their temperament
changes dramatically along with their appearance - these birds need to see an avian veterinarian who
may decide to prescribe tranquillisers to stop the bird self mutilating.
It is primarily the hand reared birds and the cockatoos which are prone to Psychologic Feather
Picking. Birds in the aviary, if they have tatty feathers, usually have a more physical problem. We
see feathering problems related to disease - some diseases cause chemicals to be deposited in the skin
that make the skin itchy. These birds will then begin to pluck or chew at their feathers until they
cause major feather damage. Diseases such as Chlamydiosis (Psittacosis) and lung infections are
known to show as skin/feather problems. For Chlamydiosis, the treatment of choice is Psittavet
(pronounced "sit-a-vet") from Vetafarm. Available as a powder for in water flock treatments or as an
injection, this drug offers the best, most effective way of treating Chlamydiosis. Most Australian
birds are thought to have some degree of Chlamydiosis so regular treatments of the aviary are a way
of preventing future disease. For more details on the problems associated with Chlamydiosis and the
best ways to treat the disease contact your avian veterinarian or Vetafarm.
Should your bird become a ragged, scruffy looking individual, don't despair, start looking carefully at
what he is eating and what he is doing but seek expert help if the simple treatments don't solve the
dilemma.
by Dr. Tony Gestier BVSc. (Hons.), MACVSc.
VETAFARM
Office Address: 3 Bye Street Wagga Wagga NSW, 2650 AUSTRALIA
Postal Address: PO BOX 5244 Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 AUSTRALIA
Phone (ISD+61) 2 69 256222 Fax (ISD+61) 2 69 256333
email: vetafarm@vetafarm.com.au
Web Address: www.vetafarm.com.au